Please refer to the attached file.
HIGHLIGHTS
- At least 4,333 deaths and 12,236 injuries recorded due to hostilities since 2 March, with 354 fatalities and 232 injuries since the latest ceasefire announcement, according to the Ministry of Public Health.
- 821,077 people reported returning to their areas of origin, while 360,132 people remain displaced (as of 29 July), including 27,200 Internally Displaced Persons (over 53 per cent women and girls) in 258 collective shelters as of 31 July.
- On 27 and 28 July, the Humanitarian Coordinator visited conflict-affected villages in Nabatieh Governorate to speak with communities about humanitarian conditions and needs (Chaqra, Baraachit, Ain Ebel, Rmeich and Debel).
SITUATION OVERVIEW
Persistent humanitarian and protection challenges continue to affect communities across Lebanon. As displacement becomes increasingly prolonged and return conditions continue to be uneven, with high levels of destruction and insecurity in some areas, the coping capacities of displaced people, returnees and host communities continue to erode. Protection concerns remain across the country, including ongoing insecurity, inadequate shelter conditions, risks of eviction for displaced households and overstretched basic services. Reports of airstrikes, artillery shelling, demolitions and sonic grenades continued daily across South and Nabatieh governorates, including in Bint Jbeil, Marjayoun and Nabatieh districts in Nabatieh Governorate, and Tyre District in South Governorate. On 26 July, in Markaba, a village in Nabatieh Governorate, the reported destruction of a water pumping station has raised concerns over water security, access to water for surrounding communities, and ongoing targeting of critical civilian infrastructure. Continued hostilities and demolitions impede safe and sustainable returns, heighten risks for civilians and civilian infrastructure, and place additional strain on already limited services in conflict-affected areas of southern Lebanon.
The Ministry of Public Health reported that 4,333 people had been killed (including 392 women and 253 children) and 12,236 injured (including 1,451 women and 1,036 children) as of 30 July. Since the latest ceasefire announcement, 354 people have been killed and 232 injured. Two health-care personnel were injured following the ceasefire announcement. Since 2 March, a total of 135 health-care workers have been killed and 408 injured while on duty.
Despite continued returns, displacement levels remain significant, with 360,132 people remaining displaced across Lebanon as of 29 July, representing a 4 per cent decrease since 22 July. While displacement declined in major hosting districts, including Beirut (Beirut), Chouf and Aley (Mount Lebanon), and Saida (South), increases were recorded in Tyre (South) and in Nabatieh, Bint Jbeil and Marjayoun (Nabatieh) as some households moved closer to their areas of origin. However, insecurity, movement restrictions, limited access to services and livelihoods, and ongoing hostilities in some areas continue to impede safe and sustainable returns and drive humanitarian needs. Collective shelter populations also declined, with approximately 27,200 IDPs residing in 258 shelters, a 9 per cent decrease compared with the previous week. Despite this reduction in displacement levels, humanitarian needs remain considerable, with communities highlighting the need to rehabilitate shelters and address overcrowding, strengthen health and Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) services, and expand cash assistance to help households meet food, shelter, health, and hygiene needs while reducing reliance on debt and negative coping strategies.
Returns remain highly uneven, reflecting significant differences in conditions across areas of return. As of 29 July, 821,077 people had begun returning to their areas of origin. In southern Lebanon, the scale of damage to housing, infrastructure and basic services, combined with ongoing security incidents and movement restrictions, continues to constrain safe and sustainable returns.
Sustained access to essential services, health care, and livelihoods and recovery assistance remain key priorities for communities in conflict-affected areas. In the most heavily conflict-affected areas, priority needs include rehabilitation of water and electricity networks, restoration of health services, cash assistance to meet basic needs, and livelihood support. In areas less affected by destruction and insecurity, communities continue to identify access to health care, including essential medicines, mental health and psychosocial support, and women's health services, as a key concern, as well as support to restore livelihoods and agricultural production, and sustain water, electricity and other basic services essential for recovery.
Protection concerns persist among displaced people, returnees and host communities, with continued concerns related to security incidents, explosive ordnance contamination, inadequate housing, economic hardship, civil documentation issues, and psychosocial distress. Vulnerabilities are being exacerbated by prolonged displacement, rising living costs and limited livelihood opportunities, particularly for women, girls, children, older persons, persons with disabilities and other at-risk households. For those in collective shelters that are being decommissioned, communities report not having clear information about alternative shelter or housing arrangements, heightening the risk of resorting to unsafe accommodation and increasing vulnerability to exploitation, eviction, homelessness and other protection risks.
Financing gaps are straining services to communities. Communities in collective shelters report a reduction in both the scale and frequency of assistance compared with the 2024 response, underscoring the difficulties of maintaining large-scale support amid protracted displacement and growing humanitarian needs. Shortfalls for health sector response may threaten the continuity of services for affected communities, including primary and secondary health care services, essential medicines, ambulance and Emergency Medical Services operations, psychosocial support, physical rehabilitation, and assistive device provision. Continued reliance on reprogrammed resources may also limit partners' ability to sustain both emergency and routine health interventions over time.
On 27 July, United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator, Imran Riza, accompanied by UNICEF and OCHA representatives, visited the villages of Chaqra and Baraachit in Nabatieh Governorate, two areas in Bint Jbeil District outside the IDF-declared military area that are partially accessible to returning families. On 28 July, Imran Riza, accompanied by OCHA and the President of the Order of Malta, Marwan Sehnaoui, visited the border villages of Ain Ebel, Rmeich and Debel in Nabatieh Governorate to assess humanitarian situation and needs in communities whose residents remained in place throughout the conflict despite prolonged insecurity. During meetings with local authorities, returnees, displaced families, and community representatives, the delegations heard first-hand about the challenges people continue to face, including damaged infrastructure, lack of or limited access to basic services, particularly water, health and education, disrupted livelihoods, and other obstacles to safe return and recovery.
During the visit of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, to Lebanon on 27 July, he met with the Prime Minister, government, internally displaced people, and civil society organizations to discuss the ongoing impacts of the escalation of hostilities and broader human rights situation. In his visit briefing, the High Commissioner noted the ongoing work of an impartial, independent mission to collect evidence on alleged violations of international humanitarian law and highlighted the widespread impact on civilians during the 2026 conflict including attacks on civilians, destruction of civilian infrastructure, and attacks on health care workers.
Funding shortfalls remain a key obstacle to sustained humanitarian response. As of 31 July, the 2026 Lebanon Flash Appeal has received $289.3 million, or 45.2 per cent of the $639.9 million requested.